四川及邻区抗倒塌地震区划图编制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

雷建成  高孟潭  吕红山  亢川川  陈鲲 《地震学报》2011,33(2):219-233

通过数字试验,分析了不同编图方法对地震区划结果的影响.基于四川及邻区的地震地质环境、地震活动特征,K2值特征,△Tg分布特征,考虑到地震区划图的继承性和连续性以及与我国现行抗震设计规范的衔接,提出了抗倒塌地震区划图编制的编制原则和方法,编制了四川及邻区的抗倒塌地震区划图.  相似文献   

周期气压波对地壳应变场观测影响的若干因素分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张凌空  王广才  牛安福 《地震学报》2011,33(3):351-361

地壳应变场常用钻孔体应变仪进行测量,而周期为几分钟到几小时的短周期气压波是影响体应变仪工作的一种长期因素.本文以Evertson等人推导的体应变短周期气压干扰模型为基础,从理论上进一步探讨了体应变气压影响系数与气压周期、岩石弹性参数和井孔深度的关系及变化规律.由于体应变观测井孔存在耦合效应,又建立了大气压垂直载荷作用下观测井孔耦合系数计算方程,比较了在多重因素作用下体应变气压影响系数理论观测值与无孔岩石真实值之间的差异,并与涞水、顺义、东三旗和昌平台的Sacks体应变实际观测资料进行了比对分析.这对地震前兆微动态信息背景场的探索具有实际意义.   相似文献   

Steim2压缩算法的优点和缺点     

王翠芳  王松  邵玉平  杨晓源 《国际地震动态》2011,(2):14-18

基于SEED卷格式的Steim2压缩算法, 是目前国际国内的地震数据传输和本地存储中普遍采用的压缩算法, 该算法优点突出, 缺点明显. 其优点是:摸准了地震事件"长期平静"和"长期无震"的特点, 是专门符合该特点量身定做的数据压缩算法, 有显著的独到之处. 其缺点是:在地震事件"活跃期"或"突发期", 即对数据压缩需求...  相似文献   

广东南山花岗岩形成时代、地球化学特征与成因     

姚正红  肖惠良  范飞鹏  陈乐柱  鲍晓明  周延  武玲  吴涵宇 《火山地质与矿产》2011,(1):66-78

广东南山花岗岩体位于陂头复式岩体西端,锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为158.1±1.8Ma,是燕山早期岩浆活动的产物。岩石化学特征显示岩体以高硅、富碱、贫Ca和Mg以及高TFeO/MgO、低CaO/Na2O为特征。其K2O/Na2O〉1,A/NK=7.8~11.92,A/CNK=1.33~1.68,属过铝质碱性岩石。在稀土和微量元素组成上,岩石富含稀土元素（除明显的负Eu异常,δEu=0.09~0.16）以及Zr、Y、Th、U、Nb等高场强元素,贫Ba、Sr、Ti等,高10000x Ga/Al（比值大于2.6）。在Zr、Nb、Ce、Y对10000×Ga/Al以及TFeO/MgO-SiO2等A型花岗岩多种判别图上,投影点主要落在A型花岗岩区,而与高分异的I、S型花岗岩明显不同。这些特征均指示,南山岩体具有铝质A型花岗岩的特点。通过Y-Nb-3Ga和Y-Nb-Ce构造环境判别图解将其进一步划分为A2型花岗岩,代表其形成于拉张的构造背景之下。本文在此研究基础上,认为南山花岗质岩浆可能形成于相对挤压的中侏罗世。而在晚侏罗世早期相对拉张的作用下,岩石圈减薄,软流圈地幔上涌,地壳的泥质岩和少量砂质岩受到幔源流体富集后发生部分熔融后上侵形成铝质A型花岗岩,且有较强的结晶分异作用。  相似文献   

西畴县近48年来降水及气温小波分析     

刘云生  黄国平  王顺江 《云南地理环境研究》2011,23(2):90-92

利用连续小波分析1962～2009年西畴县年降水量和年平均气温序列的小波变化特征,揭示了西畴县降水量与平均气温存在多时间尺度的周期变化特征。其中降水有2个明显的特征时间尺度,分别是4年和8年,平均气温存在以准2～4年为周期的周期振荡。此外,也可以看出近48年来,平均气温存在明显升高的趋势,降水也有减少的趋势,为掌握西畴县的气候变化规律及今后的气象预报服务工作提供了一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

成藏过程对天然气地球化学特征的控制作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵孟军  潘文庆  张水昌  韩剑发 《沉积学报》2004,22(4):683-688

克拉2和阿克1天然气都具有组分明显偏干、碳同位素明显偏重的特征,如克拉2和阿克1天然气的干燥系数都接近于1.0,克拉2天然气的δ13C₁为-27.3‰～-31.1‰,阿克1天然气的δ13C₁为-21.9‰～-25.2‰,从“源控”的角度似乎这些天然气应该属于过成熟煤成气,这样计算所得到的天然气成熟度远大于实测和模拟计算的源岩成熟度。因此在解释克拉2和阿克1天然气数据的时候,除了“源控”的因素外,更应强调成藏过程的影响。分析认为晚期阶段聚气是造成克拉2和阿克1天然气都具有组分明显偏干、碳同位素明显偏重的主要因素。  相似文献   

An Overview of the Second Generation Adjusted Daily Precipitation Dataset for Trend Analysis in Canada     

Éva Mekis  Lucie A. Vincent 《大气与海洋》2013,51(2):163-177

A second generation adjusted precipitation daily dataset has been prepared for trend analysis in Canada. Daily rainfall and snowfall amounts have been adjusted for 464 stations for known measurement issues such as wind undercatch, evaporation and wetting losses for each type of rain-gauge, snow water equivalent from ruler measurements, trace observations and accumulated amounts from several days. Observations from nearby stations were sometimes combined to create time series that are longer; hence, making them more useful for trend studies. In this new version, daily adjustments are an improvement over the previous version because they are derived from an extended dataset and enhanced metadata knowledge. Datasets were updated to cover recent years, including 2009. The impact of the adjustments on rainfall and snowfall total amounts and trends was examined in detail. As a result of adjustments, total rainfall amounts have increased by 5 to 10% in southern Canada and by more than 20% in the Canadian Arctic, compared to the original observations, while the effect of the adjustments on snowfall were larger and more variable throughout the country. The slope of the rain trend lines decreased as a result of the larger correction applied to the older rain-gauges while the slope of the snow trend lines increased, mainly along the west coast and in the Arctic. Finally, annual and seasonal rainfall and snowfall trends based on the adjusted series were computed for 1950–2009 and 1900–2009. Overall, rainfall has increased across the country while a mix of non-significant increasing and decreasing trends was found during the summer in the Canadian Prairies. Snowfall has increased mainly in the north while a significant decrease was observed in the southwestern part of the country for 1950–2009.

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A mirage at Regina     

John R. Hendricks 《大气与海洋》2013,51(1):31-33

The Dirt Hills, located roughly forty miles to the southwest of the Regina Weather Office, at Regina, Saskatchewan, were clearly visible on the horizon in the early morning of the 29th day of August 1972 from the Regina Weather Office. This mirage was documented and a picture of it was taken.  相似文献   

A Case Study of the November 2012 Mixed Rain-Snow Storm over North China     

WANG Donghai  DUAN Yihong  LIU Ying  LIANG Zhaoming  LIU Chongjian  ZHAO Yanfeng  ZHANG Yuwei  YIN Jinfang  WANG Hong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2013,27(5):601-625

A mixed rain-snow storm associated with a strong burst of cold air and development of an extratropical cyclone occurred over North China from 3 to 5 November 2012.This early snowfall event was characterized by a dramatic drop in temperature,strong winds,high precipitation intensity,broad spatial extent,and coexistence of multi-phase precipitating hydrometeors.This study investigates the multi-scale interactions between the large-scale circulation background and the synoptic-scale weather systems associated with the storm.The results are as follows.（1） The Arctic Oscillation （AO） had been in its negative phase long before the event,leading to southward advection of cold air into North China in advance of the storm.（2）The large-scale atmospheric circulation experienced a decreased number of long waves upstream of North China prior to the storm,resulting in reduced wave velocity and an almost stagnant low pressure system （extratropical cyclone） over North China.（3） An Ω-shaped blocking high over East Asia and the western Pacific obstructed the eastward movement of an upstream trough,allowing the corresponding surface cyclone to stabilize and persist over Beijing and its neighboring areas.This blocking high was a major factor in making this event a historically most severe precipitation event in autumn in Beijing for the past 60 years.（4） Baroclinic instability at lower levels gave rise to rapid development of the cyclone under the classical ＂second type＂ development mechanism for extratropical cyclones.（5） Moisture originated from the Yellow Sea entered the slowly-moving cyclone in a steady stream,creating fairly favorable water vapor supply for the heavy rainfall-snowfall,especially during the later stage of the cyclone development.（6） Moisture transport and frontal lifting triggered low-level instability and updrafts.Intensification of the front enhanced the vertical wind shear,causing conditional symmetric instability （CSI） to expand upward within the unstable lower troposphere,and to eventually gear into the CSI region of the upper troposphere,which facilitated the upward development of low-level updrafts.  相似文献   

Passive microwave remote sensing of the historic February 2010 snowstorms in the Middle Atlantic region of the USA     

James L. Foster  Gail Skofronick‐Jackson  Huan Meng  James R. Wang  George Riggs  Paul J. Kocin  Benjamin T. Johnson  Judah Cohen  Dorothy K. Hall  Son V. Nghiem 《水文研究》2012,26(22):3459-3471

The snowfall in the Baltimore/Washington metropolitan area during the winter of 2009/2010 was unprecedented and caused serious snow‐related disruptions. In February 2010, snowfall totals approached 2 m, and because maximum temperatures were consistently below normal, snow remained on the ground the entire month. One of the biggest contributing factors to the unusually severe winter weather in 2009/2010, throughout much of the middle latitudes, was the Arctic Oscillation. Unusually high pressure at high latitudes and low pressure at middle latitudes forced a persistent exchange of mass from north to south. In this investigation, a concerted effort was made to link remotely sensed falling snow observations to remotely sensed snow cover and snowpack observations in the Baltimore/Washington area. Specifically, the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer onboard the Aqua satellite was used to assess snow water equivalent, and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder were employed to detect falling snow. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer passive microwave signatures in this study are related to both snow on the ground and surface ice layers. In regard to falling snow, signatures indicative of snowfall can be observed in high frequency brightness temperatures of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder. Indeed, retrievals show an increase in snow water equivalent after the detection of falling snow. Yet, this work also shows that falling snow intensity and/or the presence of liquid water clouds impacts the ability to reliably detect snow water equivalent. Moreover, changes in the condition of the snowpack, especially in the surface features, negatively affect retrieval performance. Copyright © 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.  相似文献